but

詳細解釋：

but

conj.（連線詞）
On the contrary:
而是：相反地：
例句：
the plan caused not prosperity but ruin.
這個計畫帶來的不是繁榮而是毀滅

Contrary to expectation; yet:
但是，然而：與預期相反；然而：
例句：
She organized her work but accomplished very little. He is tired but happy.
她籌辦了這項工作，然而只完成了很小一部分。他很累，但很愉快

Usage Problem Used to indicate an exception:
【用法疑難】 除了：用於表示一個例外：
例句：
No one but she saw the prowler.
除了她以外沒有一個人看見那個行竊者

With the exception that; except that. Used to introduce a dependent clause:
若非：除非；除此。用於引導一個獨立的從句：
例句：
would have resisted but that they lacked courage.
如果不是缺乏勇氣她們會抵抗的

Informal Without the result that:
【非正式用語】 不，沒：沒有結果：
例句：
It never rains but it pours.
光打雷不下雨

Informal That. Often used after a negative:
【非正式用語】 連線詞。通常用在否定式後面：
例句：
There is no doubt but right will prevail.
毫無否定疑問，正義將取得勝利

That . . . not. Used after a negative or question:
表否定。用在否定詞或疑問詞之後：
例句：
There never is a tax law presented but someone will oppose it.
現行的稅法沒有一條是沒人反對的

If not; unless:
如果不；除非：
例句：
.Ten to one but the police have got them.(Charlotte M. Yonge)
.十之 * 警察局已經抓住他們了.(夏洛特M.榮格)

Informal Than:
【非正式用語】 比…：
例句：
They had no sooner arrived but they turned around and left.
他們返航離去不久就到達了目的地

prep.（介詞）
Usage Problem Except.
【用法疑難】 除了
adv.（副詞）
Merely; just; only:
僅僅；只；只有：
例句：
hopes that lasted but a moment.
希望僅僅持續了片刻

Used as an intensive:
用作加強語氣：
例句：
Get out of here but fast!
立刻從這裡滾出去!

來源：
Middle English
中古英文
from Old English bôtan * see ud-
源自 古英文 bôtan *參見 ud-

Traditional grammarians have worried over what form the pronoun ought to take whenbut is used to indicate an exception in sentences such as No one but I (or No one but me ) has read it. Some have argued thatbut is a conjunction in these sentences and therefore should be followed by the nominative formI. However, many of these grammarians have gone on to argue somewhat inconsistentlythat the accusative formme is appropriate when the but phrase occurs at the end of a sentence, as inNo one has read it but me. While this treatment of the construction has a considerable weight of precedent on its sideand cannot be regarded as incorrect,a strong case can be made on grammatical grounds for treating this use ofbut as a preposition. For one thing, ifbut were truly a conjunction here, we would expect the verb to agree in person and number with the noun or pronoun followingbut; we would then sayNo one but the students have read it. What is more, ifbut were a true conjunction here we would not expect that it could be moved to the end of a clause, as inNo one has read it but the students. Note that we cannot use the conjunctionand in a similar way, saying John left and everyone else in the class in place of John and everyone else in the class left. These observations suggest thatbut is best considered as a preposition here and followed by accusative forms such asme and them in all positions: No one but me has read it. No one has read it but me. These recommendations are supported by 73 percent of the Usage Panel when thebut phrase precedes the verb and by 93 percent when thebut phrase follows the verb. · But is redundant when used together with however, as in But the army, however, went on with its plans; one or the other word should be eliminated. ·But is generally not followed by a comma. Correct written style requiresKim wanted to go, but we stayed, not Kim wanted to go, but, we stayed. · But may be used to begin a sentence at all levels of style. See Usage Note at and ,cannot ,doubt ,however ,I
傳統的語法學家考慮當but 用於表示例外的意思時應該用什麼形式的代詞，比如 No one but I （或者 No one but me ) has read it 。 有人認為but 在這種句子中是個連詞， 因此應該使用主格I。 然而許多語法學家接下來的討論有些不一致，即當but 短語出現在句子末尾時用賓格 me 比較合適， 如No one has read it but me（除我以外沒有人讀過它）。 同時這種結構前置處理的重要性是值得考慮的，並且不會被認為是不正確的，一個有力的例子在語法範疇內，認為but 在這裡作介詞使用。 首先如果but 在此真是一個連詞的話， 我們會期望同名詞或代詞在人稱和數上保持一致的動詞跟在but 後面； 我們會說No one but the students have read it（除學生以外沒有人讀過它）。 再者，如果but 在此真是連詞的話，我們不希望它被放在句子末尾， 如在句子No one has read it but the students 中。 注意我們不以類似的方式來使用連詞and ，說 John left and everyone else in the class 來代替 John and everyone else in the class left。 這些發現表明but 在此最好被當作介詞， 在任何位置後面都應跟賓格形式如me 和 them ： No one but me has read it. No one has read it but me（除了我沒人讀過它）。 當but 短語放在動詞之前時，有百分之七十三的用法專題使用小組成員支持這些提議； 而當but 短語放在動詞之後時，得到百分之九十三的小組成員的支持。 But 在同 however 一起使用時是多餘的，如 But the army, however, went on with its plans； 這兩個詞必須去掉其中一個。But 通常後面不加逗號。 正確的寫法是Kim wanted to go, but we stayed, 而不是 Kim wanted to go, but, we stayed 。 But 可以放在所有文體標準的句子開頭 參見 and,cannot,doubt,however,I